Scoliosis, which is characterized by an abnormal curvature of the spine, is manifest both in children and adults. A spinal curvature that is greater than 25 to 30 degrees is considered significant, while a curvature greater than 45 to 50 degrees is considered very serious.

Scoliosis may be structural or functional in form. In the former case, the problem lies with the spine itself and may be caused by a birth defect, metabolic disease, or connective tissue disorder. In its functional form, Scoliosis is characterized by a temporary curvature of the spine that is caused by problems like muscular spasms or appendicitis. In this case, the problem does not originate in the spine.

A parent, teacher, or pediatrician generally notices Scoliosis in children. In children and teenagers, it is commonly not accompanied by pain; therefore, it is usually not noticed until the curvature becomes prominent. Scoliosis Symptoms include de-centered head, uneven waist, one shoulder or hip higher than the other, protrusion of one side of the rib cage, leaning of the body to one side, and changes in the skin over the spine. In children, if there is pain along with these symptoms, it is may be caused by a tumor in the spine or a bone. In adults, the Symptoms are similar, but severe Scoliosis may also result in back pain and breathing problems.

Most schools screen children for Scoliosis using the Adam's Forward Bend Test. This test requires children to bend 90 degree from the waist, with their feet together. A doctor can easily see any spinal abnormality from this angle. Once suspected, Scoliosis is confirmed through X-ray, CT scan, spinal radiograph, MRI, or spinal bone scans. The Cobb Method is then used to measure the degree of curvature.

To sum up, as Scoliosis in children and teens is usually not accompanied by pain, it may not be noticed in the early stages. This could worsen the disease and ultimately require surgical treatment. Therefore, it is essential to spread awareness about this disease. Even ordinary things like a child's clothes not fitting him/her properly should be evaluated to rule out chances of Scoliosis.